Excel formulas and functions

Excel formulas and functions

Formulas and functions are the bread and butter of Excel. They drive almost everything interesting and useful you will ever do in a spreadsheet. This article introduces the basic concepts you need to know to be proficient with formulas in Excel.

What is a formula?

A formula in Excel is an expression that returns a specific result. For example:

=1+2=3.

Note:All formulas in Excel must begin with an equals sign (=).

Cell references:

In the examples above, values are "hardcoded". That means results won't change unless you edit the formula again and change a value manually. Generally, this is considered bad form, because it hides information and makes it harder to maintain a spreadsheet.

Instead, use cell references so values can be changed at any time. In the screen below, C1 contains the following formula:

Notice because we are using cell references for A1, A2, and A3, these values can be changed at any time and C1 will still show an accurate result.
All formulas return a result
All formulas in Excel return a result, even when the result is an error. Below a formula is used to calculate percent change. The formula returns a correct result in D2 and D3, but returns a #DIV/0! error in D4, because B4 is empty:

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Microsoft will Launch Disc-Less Xbox One for Under $200 in 2019

Microsoft may launch a disc-less Xbox One in 2019 according to sources familiar with the company's plans. In addition to forsaking physical media, it also plans to allow Xbox One owners to trade in their existing games on disc for digital downloads. The reason for such a drastic move is to get the price of the Xbox One lower and ensuring its under $200 (around Rs. 14,000).
br />"Currently, it costs about $299 to buy into the Xbox One family of devices," writes Xbox insider Brad Sams. "Microsoft is looking to lower that price by possibly as much as $100; the new console price point is expected to be $200 or less."

If you're in the market for a new Xbox One that can play games without having to go online or worry about Microsoft's servers being unavailable, you're in luck. There will be another Xbox One S variant that ships with a disc drive. Sams states that "Microsoft is moving forward very carefully with this product as it knows that a sizeable portion of its users do prefer to buy physical games and not download them." Though if this was really the case, it wouldn't be exploring a disc-free Xbox One to begin with.

And while the company may allow Xbox One owners to trade their games on discs for digital downloads, it's not entirely new. Sony had a similar program for its PSP users in Japan during the launch of the PS Vita though it never saw the light of day outside of that country.

Previously Sams stated that Microsoft had two Xbox One streaming devices in the works. The first will be built along the lines of the Chromecast and priced at around $100. The other will be "like the Apple TV", possibly integrating with Windows 10 apps and supporting lightweight games. It could be priced between $150 and $175. These will help Microsoft target and hopefully win back the living room. It appears that these plans have been put on the back burner as it focusses on simply removing the disc drive from the Xbox One, which we hope doesn't come to fruition given that accessing your library of content depends on Microsoft's servers being online and having a super fast Internet connection is mandatory.

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Loew blocked from meeting Ozil at Arsenal training,report

Germany head coach Joachim Loew was reportedly blocked from meeting Mesut Ozil at Arsenal’s training ground on Monday to discuss the midfielder’s fiery retirement from international duty.

Loew and Germany’s team director Oliver Bierhoff were in London at the weekend to take part in a FIFA coaching congress and then visited Arsenal’s training ground in Colney, north of London, for clear-the-air talks with Ozil.

According to German daily Bild, Loew and Bierhoff were turned away at the entrance to Arsenal’s training ground, on the orders of Gunners’ head coach Unai Emery, while the squad was put through a recovery session.

The visit had been previously arranged, so Loew and Bierhoff later met the Gunners’ Germany internationals Bernd Leno and Shkodran Mustafi at the club’s visitors centre without speaking to Ozil.

“We would have liked to have spoken to Mesut, but we have to accept that at the moment he doesn’t want to have this conversation with us,” said Bierhoff.

Ozil’s agent Erkut Sogut, who Bierhoff had reportedly contacted before the visit, declined to comment on the reason for the rejection.

At the start of the month, Loew said he has often already tried to contact Ozil, but without success.

After 92 appearances, 23 goals and 40 assists for Germany, Ozil retired from international duty in July, citing ‘disrespect and racism’ within the German Football Association (DFB), taking direct aim at president Reinhard Grindel.

“In the eyes of Grindel and his supporters, I am German when we win, but I am an immigrant when we lose,” the 2014 World Cup winner, who was born in Germany to Turkish parents, wrote in a statement.

Having been the target of xenophobic comments on social media and singled out for blame in the wake of Germany’s woeful World Cup display, Ozil, 29, received little public support from Loew or Germany’s stars.

Loew only responded publically to Ozil’s claims at the end of August when he rejected any notion of racism within the national team.

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Scholarship 2018-2019: Flinders University of Science and Engineering Research Awards

Scholarship 2018-2019: Flinders University of Science and Engineering Research Awards 

DESCRIPTION

The College of Science and Engineering each year offers a small number of research awards to applicants for postgraduate research scholarships, who do not obtain an Australian Government Research Training Program (AGRTP) Scholarship or Flinders University Research Scholarship.

The College of Science and Engineering Research Awards are tenable at Flinders University for up to three years for a Doctorate by research, or up to two years for a Masters degree, subject to satisfactory progress. Periods of study already undertaken towards the degree may be deducted from the maximum period of tenure.

This award will only be available to applicants who will commence or are continuing a Masters degree by research or Doctorate by research in the Faculty of Science and Engineering.

BENEFITS

The scholarship pays an indexed stipend of $27,082 p.a. tax free (2018 rate).
In addition, recipients who are Australian citizens, New Zealand citizens, or hold Australian Permanent Residency status will be provided a Research Training Program Fee Offset which covers tuition fees for up to four years. International students are not eligible for a Research Training Program Fee Offset. Information regarding tuition fees for international students is available in the Conditions of Award document below.

Eligibility for the Scholarship:
Eligible Countries: The scholarship is available for Australian citizens, New Zealand citizens and international student. 

Entrance Requirements: The applicant must meet the following criteria:

• Are Australian citizens; or New Zealand citizens; or have been granted permanent resident at the closing date of applications; or be an international student who has completed an Honours degree or equivalent qualification at an Australian University no more than two years prior to the application closing date; and
• Have completed at least four years of tertiary education studies at a high level of achievement and has an appropriate Honours 1 or high 2A (or equivalent) undergraduate degree. 
• Are enrolling as full-time students in the Faculty of Science and Engineering. 
• Will commences or is continuing a Masters degree by research or Doctorate by research. 
• Have had their candidature accepted in the area in which they propose to undertake their studies. 
• English Language Requirements: If English is not your first language then you will need to 
  show that your English language skills are at a high enough level to succeed in your studies.
  Application Deadline: 

Opening Date: 01-09-2018 

 Closing Date: 31-10-2018 

 
Application Procedure:

How to Apply: To apply for a College of Science and Engineering Research Award, you will need to first submit an application for admission to a Research higher degree (PhD or Master of Arts by research) followed by an application for the RHD Scholarship group on the student information system, which will produce an application for all of the available scholarships in the main round.

Application form

Scholarship Link

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